English · Prose · Archaizing literary prose

S. H. Butcher & A. Lang

A surface-form portrait of this Odyssey: corpus scale, recurring wording, line-window variation around Greek forms, and a comparison with other English translations.

Atlas edition year: 1879 · Statistics corpus year: 1879 · All 24 books

135,560words
6,093distinct word forms
0.0449vocabulary variety (distinct ÷ total)
30.91average sentence length
Butcher & Lang compared with other English translations Copper bars show this translation; pale bars show the peer median for four surface-form metrics. Butcher & Lang Peer median Words 135,560 median 118,026.5 Distinct word forms 6,093 median 6,844.5 Vocabulary variety 0.0449 median 0.0577 Average sentence length 30.91 median 24.90

Comparison basis: other English translations (12 peers). Each metric has its own scale. Cross-language style-group values are descriptive only.

The translator’s formulas

The ten repeated phrases of three to six words that rank highest when we multiply how often each phrase appears by its length. Overlapping phrases can describe the same recurring line.

  1. “odysseus of many counsels” 66 occurrences · Od. 5.192 and 7.198
  2. “odysseus of many” 82 occurrences · Od. 5.192 and 7.198
  3. “he spake and” 81 occurrences · Od. 2.224 and 2.309
  4. “in the halls” 78 occurrences · Od. 1.1 and 1.421
  5. “answered him saying” 77 occurrences · Od. 1.44 and 1.365
  6. “odysseus of many counsels answered” 46 occurrences · Od. 5.192 and 7.198
  7. “the house of” 73 occurrences · Od. 1.365 and 2.39
  8. “the son of” 72 occurrences · Od. 1.1 and 1.178
  9. “of many counsels” 66 occurrences · Od. 5.192 and 7.198
  10. “so he spake” 64 occurrences · Od. 3.371 and 3.447

One Greek word, many choices

Each card follows one Greek word into three visibly different passages in this translation. The Greek line containing the word appears first, followed by the nearby passage in the translation. The listed nearby words show recurring context, not direct translations of the Greek word.

δῖος

dios recurring nearby word 7%
  • ἦ τοι ὁ πῖνε καὶ ἦσθε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς
    Greek line · Od. 6.249
    steadfast goodly Odysseus did eat and drink eagerly, for it was long since he had tasted food. Now Nausicaa of the
    Translation passage · Od. 6.249 · nearby words: drink, eagerly, eat, food
  • οὐ γάρ πω τέθνηκεν ἐπὶ χθονὶ δῖος Ὀρέστης.
    Greek line · Od. 11.461
    ill to speak words light as wind.’ “Thus we twain stood sorrowing, holding sad discourse, while the big tears
    Translation passage · Od. 11.461 · nearby words: big, discourse, holding, ill
  • αὐτὰρ ὁ οἷς ἑτάροισιν ἐκέκλετο δῖος ὑφορβός·
    Greek line · Od. 14.413
    of our labour without atonement.” Therewithal he cleft logs with the pitiless axe, and the others brought in a well-fatted
    Translation passage · Od. 14.413 · nearby words: atonement, axe, brought, cleft

πεπνυμένος

pepnymenos recurring nearby word 8%
  • τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·
    Greek line · Od. 17.77
    then I should wish thee to keep and enjoy the gifts thyself, rather than any of these. But if I shall sow the
    Translation passage · Od. 17.77 · nearby words: enjoy, gifts, keep, rather
  • τὴν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·
    Greek line · Od. 1.345
    comfortless. So dear a head do I long for in constant memory, namely, that man whose fame is noised abroad from Hellas to
    Translation passage · Od. 1.345 · nearby words: abroad, comfortless, constant, fame
  • ὁ ξεῖνος μάλα μοι δοκέει πεπνυμένος εἶναι.
    Greek line · Od. 8.388
    I myself am the thirteenth. Now each man among you bring a fresh robe and a doublet, and a talent of fine gold, and
    Translation passage · Od. 8.388 · nearby words: bring, doublet, fine, fresh

φίλος

philos recurring nearby word 9%
  • ἔνθʼ ἦλθεν φίλος υἱὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο,
    Greek line · Od. 24.151
    abode in his dwelling. Thither too came the dear son of divine Odysseus out of sandy Pylos, voyaging with his
    Translation passage · Od. 24.151 · nearby words: abode, divine, dwelling, pylos
  • καὶ σύ, φίλος, μὴ δηθὰ δόμων ἄπο τῆλʼ ἀλάλησο,
    Greek line · Od. 3.313
    whence none would hope in his heart to return, whom once the storms have driven wandering into so wide a sea. Thence
    Translation passage · Od. 3.313 · nearby words: driven, hope, none, once
  • ὣς δʼ αὔτως ἠρᾶτο Ὀδυσσῆος φίλος υἱός.
    Greek line · Od. 3.64
    off the spits, they divided the messes and shared the glorious feast. But when they had put from them the desire of meat and drink,
    Translation passage · Od. 3.64 · nearby words: desire, divided, drink, feast

συβώτης

sybōtēs recurring nearby word 21%
  • ἦ τοι μέν οἱ δεῦρο συβώτης ἡγεμόνευεν,
    Greek line · Od. 17.372
    kill-joys of the feast? Dost thou count it a light thing that they assemble here and devour the living of thy master, but
    Translation passage · Od. 17.372 · nearby words: assemble, count, devour, dost
  • αἶψα δέ μιν διέχευαν· ὁ δʼ ὠμοθετεῖτο συβώτης,
    Greek line · Od. 14.427
    up small, and pierced it, and spitted and roasted it carefully, and drew it all off from the spits, and put the whole
    Translation passage · Od. 14.427 · nearby words: carefully, drew, off, pierced
  • ἀλλʼ ἐπετόλμησε, φρεσὶ δʼ ἔσχετο· τὸν δὲ συβώτης
    Greek line · Od. 17.238
    of Zeus, if ever Odysseus burned on your altars pieces of the thighs of rams or kids, in their covering of rich fat,
    Translation passage · Od. 17.238 · nearby words: altars, burned, covering, fat

ἀμύμονος

amymonos recurring nearby word 42%
  • ἣ φάτο Σαλμωνῆος ἀμύμονος ἔκγονος εἶναι,
    Greek line · Od. 11.236
    was the child of noble Salmoneus, and declared herself the wife of Cretheus, son of Aeolus. She loved a river, the
    Translation passage · Od. 11.236 · nearby words: aeolus, child, cretheus, declared
  • μεσσηγύς τε θόλου καὶ ἀμύμονος ἕρκεος αὐλῆς,
    Greek line · Od. 22.442
    order, lead the maidens without the stablished hall, between the vaulted room and the goodly fence of the court, and
    Translation passage · Od. 22.442 · nearby words: between, court, fence, hall
  • καὶ Πατροκλῆος καὶ ἀμύμονος Ἀντιλόχοιο
    Greek line · Od. 24.16
    Peleus. So these were flocking round Achilles, and the spirit of Agamemnon, son of Atreus, drew nigh sorrowful; and about him were
    Translation passage · Od. 24.16 · nearby words: achilles, agamemnon, atreus, drew

Against its siblings

Butcher and Lang represent the Victorian prose standard in the atlas, with deliberately archaic, scriptural coloring that later translators used as a point of contrast. The corpus contains 135560 words and 6093 distinct word forms. Its score-ranked formula list begins with “odysseus of many counsels,” recorded 66 times; this first position does not mean it has the highest raw count. For scale within other English translations, Murray contains 133986 words. This is a bounded comparison: the history identifies the translation’s formal setting, while the statistics locate its scale and verbal patterning among the peers actually declared in the source. These measures offer a compact view of the textual evidence available here. The emphasis remains on directly observable features of the supplied corpora.

Keep the edition in context.

Open its full atlas record, or read it beside the Greek and the other bundled translations in Skald.